Chemistry

Chemistry (from the Egyptian kēme (chem), meaning earth) is the science that studies matter at the atomic to macromolecular scale, the reactions, transformations and aggregations of matter, as well as the energy and entropy released or absorbed during these processes. In short, chemistry studies molecules, crystals, and metals and is concerned with the composition and statistical properties of such structures, as well as their transformations and interactions to become materials encountered in everyday life. According to modern chemistry, the physical properties of materials are generally determined by their structure at the molecular or atomic scale, which is itself defined by interatomic electromagnetic forces, and laws of quantum mechanics and thermodynamics. Robert Boyle (1661), Antoine Lavoisier (1787), and John Dalton (1808) can be considered the three fathers of modern chemistry, although other scientists have played a vastly important role, such as Dmitri Mendeleyev, Friedrich Woehler, and Hermann Staudinger, to name but a few.

by Wikipedia